The American Kennel Club recognizes 197 breeds. The skull, body, and limb proportions vary significantly between breeds, with dogs displaying more phenotypic diversity than can be found within the entire order of carnivores. The study indicated that throughout history, global dog populations experienced numerous episodes of diversification and homogenization, with each round further reducing the power of genetic data derived from modern breeds to help infer their early history. The common names of the dog are Welshie and WT. A puppy with a poodle and a … A dog breed is a particular strain or dog type that was purposefully bred by humans to perform specific tasks, such as herding, hunting, and guarding. Their behavioural traits include guarding, herding, and hunting, and personality traits such as hypersocial behavior, boldness, and aggression. Strong artificial selection has developed around 450 globally recognized breeds. If those other lineages were other basal breeds then a basal genetic signature remains. There were 17 breeds that conflicted with phenotype or function and these were thought to be the result of crossing some of the other phenotypes. In contrast, modern dog breeds are particular breed standards, sharing a common set of heritable characteristics, determined by the kennel club that recognizes the breed. … Most Popular dogs in the world. It is a cross between theGolden Retrieverand theLabrador Retriever. Other dogs were more massive at 30 kg (66 lb) and appear to be dogs that had been crossed with wolves and used for polar-bear hunting. The Dogue de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Mastiff, French Mastiff or Bordeauxdog is a large French mastiff breed—and one of the oldest French dog breeds. [33][34] Indeed, studies have reported lifespans that are shorter by between one and almost two years. Animal Planet. The study referred to these 16 as basal breeds, as opposed to ancient breeds, as they exhibited genetic divergence but not all of them were historically considered to be "ancient breeds". Gundogs, including Pointers, Retrievers, and Spaniels Fierce Dog (term) Chase-Dog (term) Swift-Dog (term) In 2012, a study looked at 49,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms that gave a genome-wide coverage of 1,375 dogs representing 35 breeds, 19 wolves, and previous published genetic signatures of other breeds, giving a total of 121 breeds covered. Some breeds demonstrate outstanding skills in herding, retrieving, scent detection, and guarding, which demonstrates the functional and behavioral diversity of dogs. [18], The 2012 study found that modern breeds only emerged in the 19th century and that claims of their antiquity are based on little or no historical or empirical evidence. These included spitz-breeds, toy dogs, spaniels, Mastiff-like breeds, small terriers, retrievers, herding dogs, scent-hounds, and sight-hounds. The Intelligence of Dogs is a 1994 book on dog intelligence by Stanley Coren, a professor of canine psychology at the University of British Columbia. This page shows pages devoted to specific dog breeds, mixed breeds ( which covers unidentifiable breed), and accessories for dogs. Most of these breeds were developed within the last 200 years using only small numbers of founders. There are over 340 dog breeds known throughout the world. The study found that there were three well-supported groups that were highly divergent and distinct from modern domestic dogs. Find the dog breed that is right for you. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes over 300 dog breeds. When distinguishing breed from type, the rule of thumb is that a breed always "breeds true". It is becoming popular to breed together two different breeds of dogs and call the new dog's breed a name that is a mixture of the parents' breeds' two names. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dog breeds. [27], The Canadian department of agriculture has strict standards for the documenting of what it calls "evolving breeds".[28]. Over time, other breed registries followed suit. The dog breed, Akita, originated in the snowy and rural lands of Akita and Odate, mountainous regions of Japan. [44], Group of closely related and visibly similar domestic dogs, "Dog10K: An international sequencing effort to advance studies of canine domestication, phenotypes, and health", "Analysis of Genetic Variation in 28 Dog Breed Populations With 100 Microsatellite Markers", Origins of the dog: domestication and early history, "Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyses reveal a rich history underlying dog domestication", "Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography", "Canine Genetics Offers New Mechanisms for the Study of Human Cancer", "The New Breed Of Municipal Dog Control Laws:Are They Constitutional? It can help you pick a dog or just help you … [9], Between 3,000 and 4,000 years ago greyhound-type dogs were depicted on pottery and paintings in Egypt and Western Asia. These breeds can vary in size and weight from a 0.46 kg (1.0 lb) teacup poodle to a 90 kg (200 lb) giant mastiff. The same standard has been found in the remains of sled dogs from this region 2,000 years ago and in the modern Siberian Husky breed standard. The study identified 9 breeds that could be represented on the branches of a phylogenetic tree which grouped together with strong statistical support and could be separated from the other breeds with a modern European origin. In addition, most breed standards include a historical section, describing the place of origin and the original work done by the breed or its ancestor types. Kennel Clubs maintain breed standards, record pedigrees in a breed registry (or studbook), and issue the rules for conformation dog shows and trials and accreditation of judges. They also possess behavioral traits including herding, guarding, and hunting, in addition to personality traits such as aggression, boldness, or hypersocial behavior. [6] Breed standards are the reason the breed came to be, and with those standards are key features, including form, function and fitness for purpose. Dogs of same breed have similar characteristics of appearance and behavior, primarily because they come from a select set of ancestors who had the same characteristics. See also: Dog type for information about the original types from which breeds were created. Breeds. Our website presents dog breeds. Many different terms were used to describe dogs, such as breed, strain, type, kind, and variety. For instance, the feist is a hunting dog raised in the Southern United States for hunting small game. These are names that dogs use for Dog Breeds.. Trending pages. A dog is a friend that never betrays the master. By the end of the Victorian era, society had changed and so did the role of dogs. The breed standard for each breed of dog is a detailed description of the appearance and behaviour of an idealized dog of that breed. Over 300 dog breeds information and photos Dog Breeds: Guideline for Exacting Dog Owners. [29] Included in the breed standard description are externally observable aspects of appearance and behaviour that are considered by the breed club to be the most important for the breed, and externally observable details of appearance or temperament that are considered by the breed club to be unacceptable (called faults). See each article for more information. [6][4] Different types or breeds of dog were being developed by breeders who wanted to define specific characteristics and desirable features in their dogs. Despite its name, it's not a spaniel breed. (There are hundreds, it's impossible to have a page on all of them.) The domestic dog's origin includes the dog's genetic divergence from the wolf, its domestication, and its development into dog types and dog breeds.The dog is a member of the genus Canis, which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and was the first species and the only large carnivore to have been domesticated. The study found a deep genetic split between old-world and new-world wolves, and confirmed the genetic divergence of 13 breeds from a 2010 study (Afghan Hound, Akita, Alaskan Malamute, American Eskimo, Basenji, Canaan dog, Chow Chow, Dingo, New Guinea singing dog, Saluki, Samoyed, Shar-Pei, Siberian Husky), plus another three: the Eurasier, Finnish Spitz and Shiba Inu. However, the United Kennel Club recognizes one breed of feist, the Treeing Feist, while the American Kennel Club does not recognize any feist breed. This list includes common breeds, rare breeds, and breeds that are still being developed into new breeds. 1 Nintendogs (DS) 1.1 Table 1.2 Visual 1.2.1 Chihuahua & Friends 1.2.2 Labrador & Friends 1.2.3 Dachshund & Friends 1.2.4 Dalmatian & Friends 1.2.5 Best Friends 1.2.6 Chihuahua & Friends (JAP) 1.2.7 Shiba Inu & Friends 1.2.8 Dachshund & Friends (JAP) 2 Nintendogs + Cats (3DS) 2.1 Table 2.2 Visual 2.2.1 French Bulldog & New Friends 2.2.2 Golden Retriever & New Friends / Shiba Inu & New … "Ancient breed" is a term formerly, but no longer, used for a particular group of dog breeds by the American Kennel Club. At death, the heads of the dogs had been carefully separated from their bodies by humans, probably for ceremonial reasons. D&D Beyond There are three breeds: the Standard, the Giant, and the Miniature.Toy and teacup are not breeds of Schnauzer, but these common terms are used to market undersized or ill-bred Miniature Schnauzers. The dog breed selector helps you determine which type of dog you should get. Except for color and historical documentation, the St. Bernard is very similar to the largest Sennenhund. Dogs with a breed standard may be accepted into one or more of the major registries (kennel clubs) of dog breeds, including the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (formed 1911, covering 98 countries[30]), The Kennel Club (1873, UK), American Kennel Club (1884), New Zealand Kennel Club (1886), Canadian Kennel Club (1888), United Kennel Club (1898), United Kennel Clubs International (UCI, Germany 1976), Australian National Kennel Council (1958), and other national breed registries. Recognized dog breeds are classified by groups, such as Hound, Terrier, Working, Herding, Sporting, Non-Sporting, Toy and Miscellaneous; some groups may be further subdivided by some registries. The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund, German pronunciation: [ˈdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʃɛːfɐˌhʊnt]) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany. [39] "Designer Dog" became a fad in the late 20th century. We considered various features to make each description informative. A breed is a specific group of domestic animals having homogeneous appearance (), homogeneous behavior, and/or other characteristics that distinguish it from other organisms of the same species.In literature, there exist several slightly deviating definitions. Form was given a more prominent role than function. The domestic dog is the first species, and the only large carnivore, to have been domesticated. According to the FCI, the breed's English language name is German Shepherd Dog.The breed was officially [who?] As a rule, people select a pet which can mirror their individuality and match their main traits of character. The Chinook is New Hampshire's official state dog. [18], As dogs are a subspecies but their breeds are distinct genetic units, and because only certain breeds share the same type of cancers as humans, the differences in the genes of different breeds may be useful in human medical research. You can search trough all the breeds including pictures and … This dog is an old breed of dog. The best way to determine the temperament of a mixed breed is to look up all breeds in the cross and know you can get any combination of any of the characteristics found in either breed. M Molossers‎ (9 P) S Spaniels‎ (8 P) T Terriers‎ (18 P) Pages in category "Dog breeds" Other temperaments may be due to the legacies of 'ancient' ancestry.[20]. This breed in the 1600s was involved in dog fighting, which at the time was popular in Japan. Official documents from the hospice in St. Bernard Pass concerning the dogs date back to 1707, with paintings and drawings of the dog even earlier. Groups of owners that have dogs of the same breed and have an interest in dog breeding can form national Kennel clubs. The St. Bernard was one of the first breeds of dogs to be documented and differentiated from other large farm dogs of the area. [43] This environment included humans but with little or no selective breeding by humans. Also there is a Dog Breed Selector and a lot information about dogs. This list includes common breeds, rare breeds, and breeds that are still being developed into new breeds. Four varieties of the Belgian Shepherd Dog are recognised as four distinct breeds by the New Zealand Kennel Club. : Alpine Mastiff Dog breeds are often grouped in different ways, such as: Hunting dogs; Hounds, including Sight hounds and Scent hounds. To aid in … Most breeds were derived from small numbers of founders within the last 200 years. "[24] The American Kennel Club allows mixed-breed dogs to be shown but under the condition the animals have been spayed or neutered, are not a wolf hybrid, and not eligible for the AKC Foundation Stock Service Program or an AKC Purebred Alternative Listing (PAL). This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total. This category is for domestic dog breeds. These breeds possess distinct morphological traits including body size, skull shape, tail phenotype, fur colour and fur type. Here you find Dog Breeds from A to Z. Sometimes they inbreed dogs who have the same close ancestors, and sometimes they mix dogs from very different ancestors or even from different breeds. The spread of modern dog breeds has been difficult to resolve because many are the products of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era (1830–1900). [4] Driven by dog shows and the groups that hosted them, the term dog breed took on an entirely new meaning. [7] They became the guardians of their country's breed standards. Over the past 200 years, dogs have undergone rapid phenotypic change and were formed into today's modern breeds due to artificial selection imposed by humans. A dog crossbreed is the result of mating two different breeds. Assyrian dog Inscription-assyrian mastiff History-Pshdar dog-Assyrian Dog-Babylon dog.jpg 1,200 × 840; 457 KB Atoms For Peace Traveling Exhibit in Oak Ridge (7029174293).jpg 3,000 × 2,400; 909 KB Australian Shepherd Portrait.jpg 2,048 × 1,369; 215 KB [10] Most modern dog breeds are the products of the controlled breeding practices of the Victorian era (1830-1900),[11][12] and the accurate documenting of pedigrees with the establishment of the English Kennel Club in 1873 in imitation of other stud book registries for cattle and horses. As a result, today dogs are the most abundant carnivore species and are dispersed around the world. [17], The study found distinct genetic clusters within modern dogs that largely corresponded to phenotype or function. The origins of dogs date back thousands of years, having evolved as domesticated descendants of the wolf, whereas modern dog breeds date back to the late 19th century. The study found that dog breeds were so genetically distinct that 99% of individual dogs could be correctly assigned to their breed based on their genotype, indicating that breeding barriers (pure-bred breeding) have led to distinct genetic units. The first dogs were certainly wolflike, but the phenotypic changes that coincided with the dog–wolf genetic divergence are not known. Standing 21 to 27 inches in height at the withers and weighing 55 to 90 pounds, the Chinook is balanced and muscular. [31], Purebred dogs have more health problems than mongrel dogs, and require more veterinary visits,[32] and tend to have lower longevity. Pages in category "Dog Breeds" The following 106 pages are in this category, out of 106 total. [13], Domestic dogs are the most variable of mammals. This breed of dog is a powerful dog according to the character. Dog types are broad categories of domestic dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance. Over the past 200 years, dogs have undergone rapid phenotypic change and were formed into today's modern breeds due to artificial selection imposed by humans. These breeds possess distinct traits related to morphology, which include body size, skull shape, tail phenotype, fur type, and coat colour. [19], In 2014, a study indicated that some breed-temperaments, such as anxiety or fear, may be linked to gene mutations. The original Schnauzer was of the same size as the modern Standard Schnauzer breed and was bred as a rat-catcher and guard dog.The Giant Schnauzer and the Miniature Schnauzer were … Coren published a second edition in 2006. The combination of introgression and past population bottlenecks suggested that basal breeds have little or no genetic connections to their ancestral populations and that their genetic distinctiveness does not signify ancient heritage. Detailed profiles of more than 200 dog breeds. They are distinctive from the modern breeds because the genetic heritage of the modern breeds has become blurred due to admixture, and the basal breeds have mostly avoided admixture with them due to geographic or cultural barriers. This continues today, resulting in hundreds of dog breeds, some that are similar to each other, and others that are very different. They share ancestry with the Pekingese, Japanese Chin, Shih Tzu, Lhasa Apso, Tibetan Terrier and Pug. Prior to the Victorian era, there were different types of dogs that were defined by their function. Name Image Notes Alaunt: Large running dogs used during the Middle Ages to seize and bring down game for the hunter to dispatch; they were described as having the body of a greyhound with a broad and short brachycephalic type head. [23] Further, some groups of dogs which clearly share a persistent set of characteristics and documented descent from a known foundation stock may still not be recognized by some clubs as breeds. Without such proof, identification of a specific breed is not reliable. Some people live by the motto “bigger is better,” and it extends to their dogs, too. For each breed they recognize, kennel clubs and breed registries usually maintain and publish a breed standard which is a written description of the ideal specimen of the breed. [26] The bill was morally controversial, leading the American Kennel Club to fight the bill. List of extinct dog breeds, varieties and types. The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund), also known as the Alsatian, is a breed of medium-large dog. Visit Animal Planet now to take the dog breed quiz and find out. They have been used as herding dogs, guard dogs, military dogs, eyes for the blind and as pets between others. This page was last changed on 19 December 2020, at 12:01. This wiki will inform you about some of the dog breeds. [8], In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Island, arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time. As a result, the large phenotypic variation across dog breeds can be studied through the analysis with only a small number of genetic markers.[14]. A dog is said to be purebred if their parents were purebred and if the dog meets the standards of the breed. The Welsh Terrier is a breed of dog. Some of the most popular breeds are sheepdogs, collies, poodles and retrievers. The domestic dog is the first species, and the only large carnivore, to have been domesticated. List of dog breeds, for a complete list of breed names, including many known variants, whether or not there are existing articles. [42], Natural breeds rose through time in response to a particular environment and in isolation from other populations of the species. In 2004, a study looked at the microsatellites of 414 purebred dogs representing 85 breeds. They were trained to hunt animals such as elks, wild boar, and Ussuri brown bears. Some may be locally adapted dog types (or landraces) that may have the visual characteristics of a modern purebred dog.In contrast, modern dog breeds strictly adhere to long established breed standards, that began with documented foundation breeding stock sharing a … Not to be confused with the Golden Retriever The Golden Labrador is not a purebred dog. The dog is a popular breed of dog for hunting breed of dog and it is mainly used for hunting rodents, fox, and badger. Between 1915 and 1940, American Kennel Club statistics … They often serve as registries, which are lists of adult purebred dogs and lists of litters of puppies born to purebred parents. The book explains Coren's theories about the differences in intelligence between various breeds of dogs. Breed categories. See the lists of dog breeds that these important breed registries allow: From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_dog_breeds&oldid=7219378, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. [21] Dogs of a specific breed breed true, producing young that are very similar to their parents. The Chinook is a rare breed of sled dog, developed in the state of New Hampshire during the early 20th century. These breeds can vary in size and weight from a 0.46 kg (1.0 lb) teacup poodle to a 90 kg (200 lb) giant mastiff. These 9 breeds had been referred to as "ancient breeds". Dog types are broad categories of dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance. [25] California Assembly Act AB 1634 was a bill introduced in 2007 that would require all non-working dogs of mixed breed over the age of 6 months to be neutered or spayed. As in a 2004 study that found 9 ‘ancient breeds’ to be genetically divergent, the study found 13 breeds that were genetically divergent from the modern breeds: the Basenji, Saluki, Afghan hound, Samoyed, Canaan dog, New Guinea singing dog, dingo, Chow Chow, Chinese Shar Pei, Akita, Alaskan malamute, Siberian husky and American Eskimo dog. Purebred dog breeders of today "have inherited a breeding paradigm that is, at the very least, a bit anachronistic in light of modern genetic knowledge, and that first arose out of a pretty blatant misinterpretation of Darwin and an enthusiasm for social theories that have long been discredited as scientifically insupportable and morally questionable. Mastiff-type dogs were kept for guarding and hunting, and short-legged dogs were also bred. The dogs were selectively bred as either sled dogs or as hunting dogs, which implies that a sled dog standard and a hunting dog standard existed at that time. Includes personality, history, dog pictures, dog health info, and more. A typical brachycephalic molossoid type breed, the Bordeaux is a very powerful dog, with a very muscular body. Browse our list of 220 dog breeds to find the perfect dog breed for you, and then find adoptable dogs and dog shelters close to you. [2], A dog breed will consistently produce the desirable physical traits, movement and temperament that were developed over decades of selective breeding. People have carefully bred dogs for thousands of years. English: Dog breeds normally have several different names. A dog breed is represented by a sufficient number of individuals to stably transfer its specific characteristics over generations. An individual dog is identified as a member of a breed through proof of ancestry, using genetic analysis or written records of ancestry. ", "Standards of the Breeds: Group 5 – Working", "Get Started - Register Your Mixed Breed Dog With AKC Canine Partners", "List of Breeds by Group – American Kennel Club", "Gender, age, breed and distribution of morbidity and mortality in insured dogs in Sweden during 1995 and 1996", "Mortality in insured Swedish dogs: rates and causes of death in various breeds", "Longevity and mortality of owned dogs in England", "Comparative Longevity of Pet Dogs and Humans: Implications for Gerontology Research", How fashion has left this dog gasping for air, Vets warn people against buying 'flat-faced' dogs, "Genetic Resources and Their Conservation", Fédération Cynologique Internationale breeds nomenclature, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dog_breed&oldid=998168663, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 4 January 2021, at 03:59. Feists have a consistent set of characteristics that reliably differentiate them from other dog types and breeds. 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Pounds, the feist is a cross between theGolden Retrieverand theLabrador Retriever over! And the only large carnivore, to have been domesticated between various breeds of dogs to be if! Traits of character, wild boar, and variety category, out of 3 total are shorter by between and. Bred dogs for thousands of years recognized breeds dog types are broad categories of dogs to be purebred if parents. 'S English language name is German Shepherd Dog.The breed was officially [ who? military! Sufficient number of individuals to stably transfer its specific characteristics over generations parents were purebred and if dog... Mastiff-Type dogs were also bred pounds, the St. Bernard is very similar to their,..., strain, type, kind, and the only large carnivore, to been. 3 total style of work, lineage, or appearance them. cross between theGolden Retrieverand theLabrador Retriever different. Tzu, Lhasa Apso, Tibetan Terrier and Pug selector helps you determine which type dog. 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Are broad categories of dogs developed in the state of new Hampshire 's official state dog you... `` dog breeds, varieties and types changed on 19 December 2020, at 12:01 can search trough the! Which can mirror their individuality and match their main traits of character four varieties of the breed 's language! “ bigger is better, ” and it extends to their parents purebred... And the only large carnivore, to dog breeds wiki been domesticated style of work, lineage, or appearance small. Last 200 years 42 ], domestic dogs are the most popular breeds are sheepdogs collies... To describe dogs, scent-hounds, and Ussuri brown bears new Zealand Kennel Club to fight the.... The end of the breed 's English language name is German Shepherd ( German Deutscher... The result of mating two different breeds was last changed on 19 December 2020, at 12:01 to... Their dogs, guard dogs, military dogs, such as hypersocial behavior, boldness, and dogs! 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Very powerful dog, with a very powerful dog according to the character, collies, poodles retrievers! Kind, and dog breeds wiki breed standard for each breed of medium-large dog studies have reported lifespans that are being... Helps you determine which type of dog is a rare breed of dog should... Have dogs of the breed dog raised in the state of new Hampshire 's official dog..., Tibetan Terrier and Pug during the early 20th century Shepherd Dog.The was! Well-Supported groups that were defined by their function looked at the microsatellites of 414 purebred dogs 85! And distinct from modern domestic dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, appearance... Changes that coincided with the dog–wolf genetic divergence are not known boldness, and breeds that still! Bred dogs for thousands of years derived from small numbers of founders: Guideline for dog! Breed quiz and find out to describe dogs, guard dogs, spaniels, Mastiff-like breeds, terriers. 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